The following attitudes of the speaker towards his proposition generate different volitive modalities:
| mode | term | speaker's attitude | example |
|---|---|---|---|
| optative | I wish that p | Lat. utinam | |
| timitive | I am afraid that p | Hocank -ege. | |
| imprecative | I wish that p | May he go to hell! | |
These have no variants with unidentified entities as the modal origo.